Tenancies & Possession9 min readLast reviewed 3 July 2026
Landlord Repair Obligations in England: Section 11 Explained
Landlords in England must keep the structure, exterior, and installations in repair. Understand Section 11 duties, emergency timelines, and tenant remedies.
England only. This guide applies to private rented property in England. Wales and Scotland have separate legal frameworks — dedicated guides will be published separately.
Key takeaways
- Section 11 of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1985 requires landlords to repair structure, exterior, and installations.
- Landlords must carry out repairs within a reasonable time after being notified.
- Emergency repairs (no heating, gas leak, flooding) require urgent action — often within 24 hours.
- Tenants can claim disrepair counterclaims in possession proceedings if repairs are neglected.
- Agents managing properties must log and chase repairs promptly to protect landlords.
Section 11 repair obligations
Section 11 of the Landlord and Tenant Act 1985 imposes a duty on landlords in England to keep the structure and exterior of the dwelling in repair, and to maintain installations for the supply of water, gas, electricity, sanitation, and space and water heating.